open Rhinoplasty nerve damage
Changes Associated With Aging Skin
The changes that occur in the skin from infancy to old age are a result of both intrinsic and extrinsic aging pro-enhanced therapy for the aging face syndrome. Treatment protocols should be individualized for each patient's needs and desires. Several of these recent treatments for facial rejuvenation are reviewed herein.
SMAS = submusculoaponeurotic system
Intrinsic aging refers to the effects of chronologic aging, whereas extrinsic aging refers to changes caused by environmental factors such as exposure to sunlight, grav ity, and cigarette smoke. In general, the changes associated with intrinsic aging of the skin include atrophy and loss of structural dermal and epidermal components, whereas those associated with extrinsic aging include dysplasia and structural alteration.' Histologically, the cumulative ef fects of intrinsic aging on the skin include epidermal thin ning due to retraction of the rete pegs, decrease in the number of Langerhans' cells and melanocytes, and changes in the morphology of the keratinocytes. Extrinsic aging of the skin results in keratinocytic dysplasia and accumula tion of solar elastosis and can result in cutaneous carcinogenesis.' Because all patients experience intrinsic and extrinsic aging simultaneously, the separation of these aging processes is artificial. Clinically, as intrinsic and extrinsic aging of the skin progresses, pigmentary abnor malities, rhytids (wrinkles), and textural irregularities re sult in a weathered appearance that many patients find displeasing.
Laser Surgical Treatment
In addition to the use of ultrapulsed carbon dioxide lasers for cutaneous resurfacing, as previously described, laser technology has expanded the options for treating the pigmentary and vascular manifestations of aging skin. Telangiectasias, dilated superficial blood vessels, can be a prominent manifestation of aged or photodamaged skin. The flashlamp-pumped pulsed dye laser selectively obliter ates vascular channels and thus is ideal for the treatment of facial telangiectasias.'6 Postoperative swelling can be mild to moderate, but a dark purple purpura develops within minutes at the treatment sites; the purpuric lesions, which may limit a patient's ability to work or socialize, typically last for 7 to 14 days. With the exception of the prominent purpura, the pulsed dye laser is considered one of the safer and more effective lasers available. Scarring is extremely rare, and pigmentary abnormalities are usually transient.
Source From: www.drsherris.com
Rhinoplasty Recovery Process
In order to ensure healthy recovery from plastic surgery, it is important to take certain measures to prevent any further complications associated with rhinoplasty. There are specific precautions that should be followed once a patient receives a nose job. These include the following:
- resting the head above chest level when in bed to reduce bleeding and swelling
- avoiding strenuous activity such as cardiovascular exercise
- avoiding swimming
- avoiding lifting anything over 20 pounds
- avoiding bending down unless knees are bent
- sunglasses and eyeglasses should not rest on the nose (this can be avoided by taping glasses to the forehead or using cheek rests)
- avoiding certain medications and sunlight
Changes Associated With Aging Skin
The changes that occur in the skin from infancy to old age are a result of both intrinsic and extrinsic aging pro-enhanced therapy for the aging face syndrome. Treatment protocols should be individualized for each patient's needs and desires. Several of these recent treatments for facial rejuvenation are reviewed herein.
SMAS = submusculoaponeurotic system
Intrinsic aging refers to the effects of chronologic aging, whereas extrinsic aging refers to changes caused by environmental factors such as exposure to sunlight, grav ity, and cigarette smoke. In general, the changes associated with intrinsic aging of the skin include atrophy and loss of structural dermal and epidermal components, whereas those associated with extrinsic aging include dysplasia and structural alteration.' Histologically, the cumulative ef fects of intrinsic aging on the skin include epidermal thin ning due to retraction of the rete pegs, decrease in the number of Langerhans' cells and melanocytes, and changes in the morphology of the keratinocytes. Extrinsic aging of the skin results in keratinocytic dysplasia and accumula tion of solar elastosis and can result in cutaneous carcinogenesis.' Because all patients experience intrinsic and extrinsic aging simultaneously, the separation of these aging processes is artificial. Clinically, as intrinsic and extrinsic aging of the skin progresses, pigmentary abnor malities, rhytids (wrinkles), and textural irregularities re sult in a weathered appearance that many patients find displeasing.
Laser Surgical Treatment
In addition to the use of ultrapulsed carbon dioxide lasers for cutaneous resurfacing, as previously described, laser technology has expanded the options for treating the pigmentary and vascular manifestations of aging skin. Telangiectasias, dilated superficial blood vessels, can be a prominent manifestation of aged or photodamaged skin. The flashlamp-pumped pulsed dye laser selectively obliter ates vascular channels and thus is ideal for the treatment of facial telangiectasias.'6 Postoperative swelling can be mild to moderate, but a dark purple purpura develops within minutes at the treatment sites; the purpuric lesions, which may limit a patient's ability to work or socialize, typically last for 7 to 14 days. With the exception of the prominent purpura, the pulsed dye laser is considered one of the safer and more effective lasers available. Scarring is extremely rare, and pigmentary abnormalities are usually transient.
Source From: www.drsherris.com